IPTA@75
Maghai Oja was closely associated with the IPTA
(Indian People’s Theatre Association) movement during his adolescent period and
from the very start, he could earn widespread fame by playing the dhol. His
great talent was discovered by Hemanga Biswas, legendary artiste and IPTA
organizer. Biswas had said of Maghai: “As an organizer of IPTA in Assam, my
chief duty is talent scouting and to create an environment to develop the
talent of the artistes. A flower blossoms on its own, but the duty of the
gardener is to supply water to the plant and protect it from cattle. I am such
a gardener and the magnificent wild flower I discovered in Assam is Maghai
Oja.”
The meeting with Biswas had provided Maghai the
bigger platform of the IPTA. The philosophy of the IPTA had a deep impact on
the dhol wizard. A folk artiste who held the people spellbound with his dhol
recitals had now transformed into a mass artiste. The basic philosophy of the
IPTA lies in mass life and mass art. It propounds that mass art is impossible
without the participation of the masses. The principal motto of the IPTA is
‘people’s theatre stars the people’. Embracing this ideology, Maghai strived to
use the dhol as an instrument to bring about social change. He played on to
create mass awareness against social oppression, injustice, conspiracy and
prolonged deprivation.
The Language Movement of the 1960s had created an
unwanted chasm between the Assamese and the Bengalis. Widespread hatred and
panic originating from rumours gripped the State of Assam. At that juncture,
Maghai, the son of a poverty-stricken farmer from Jorhat, made a bid to bring
back peace. Around the same time, a group of artistes under the leadership of
Biswas and Dr Bhupen Hazarika toured the State to spread the message of peace
and brotherhood. The cultural troupe staged programmes in different places of
Assam. Before reaching Jorhat, Biswas wrote to Maghai: “Dear comrade Oja, you
will have to lead the troupe and your dhol will be the trumpet of victory.”
On the
appointed day, at the Lakshmi Union Bengali Club in Jorhat, Maghai presented a
dhol recital that broke away from tradition. He sang:
“Raijkhone
kandise, deshkhone kandise/Sua dangoria/Raijor bolote tumi bolobonta/Kionu
pahori jua…” (People are crying, the country is crying, my lord. But you
are not showing any concern to the people who have voted you to power.)
Adopting a satirical tone, he again sang: “Bhai bhai don kore/Pore pai aash/Mota maiki
don kore/Ghore banabas…” (When brothers quarrel, enemies get the chance to
conspire. Likewise, if husband and wife quarrel, a house is in wilderness.)
Thus, Maghai played the role of an activist artiste.
His dhol recitals soothed the frayed nerves of the people. On this performance,
Biswas had written: “On that day when the learned and intellectual sections of
the society were engrossed in communal hatred, the son of a poor farming family
of Assam had evinced cultural conscience with his dhol recitals.”
In the same programme, Biswas and Dr Bhupen Hazarika
sang Haradhan-Rongmon. With this song, they spread the message that nobody is
above humanity. Caste, creed, community and religion should not hinder peace
and harmony. A number of people from the Bengali community who were about to
leave Assam reconsidered their decision after attending the programme. The then
headmaster of Lakshmi Union Bengali High School, Jorhat, told Biswas with moist
eyes: “I was thinking of leaving my job and going away. But your programme has
inspired me to work here again.”
Maghai had spent his entire life in utter poverty.
But in spite of his poverty, he did not compromise on the ideals of the IPTA.
Till his death, he played the role of a responsible artiste. He had dreamt of a
society without poverty, oppression casteism, communalism and all the other bad
elements. On many occasions, he caustically referred to the corruption and
nepotism of people’s representatives:
“Majuli deshate khowar abhabat/ Pelai porialak
kati/Shillong roadate dekhiba raijsakal/Minister sakalar mati…”
(In Majuli, people are killing their family members
for food, but the indifferent ministers are busy acquiring land in Shillong.)
Maghai was expressing the angst of the individual
who had been deprived of food and basic amenities. The mass artiste that he
was, he never gave up on his idealism despite penury. Maghai dreamt of a
society like Charles Chaplin: “You, the people, have the power to make this
life free and beautiful, to make this life a wonderful adventure. Then – in the
name of democracy – let us use that power – let us all unite. Let us fight for
a new world – a decent world that will give men a chance to work – that will
give youth a future and old age a security… Let us fight for a world of reason,
a world where science and progress will lead to the happiness of us all.”
Dr
Jayanta Madhab Dutta
(Published
on the occasion of the great artiste’s birth centenary today.)
THE ASSAM TRIBUNE,
GUWAHATI, MONDAY, JANUARY 30, 2017
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